Ncert Notes And Solution Class -6 Science Chaptet- 2
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Chapter 2 Components Of Food
our food contain different type of components that are needed by our body called nutrients the major nutrients in our food are named carbohydrate, vitamins, protein, minerals and fats.
2.1 What Do Different Food Items Contain?
Different food item contains different nutrients, for instance rice contain carbohydrate, vegetable contains minerals ,pulses contain protein, so on.
There are different type of test to see what our food contain:-
Test for Starch
Carbohydrate found in the body in the form of starch and sugar.
Take a small quantity of food item or a raw ingredient. Put 2-3 drop of dilute iodine solution on it. Observe, if it turn blue- black colour that means it contain starch.
Test for Protein
Take a small quantity of a grind or mash food item and add 10 drops of water to it and shake.Now add two drops of solution of copper sulphate and 10 drops of caustic soda then again shake it.wait for few minutes you will see violet colour, that indicates presence of protein in the food item.
Test for Fats
Take a small quantity of a food item in a piece of paper and crush it. Take care that the paper does not year. Now observe the paper carefully, you can see oily patches on the paper. An oily patch on the paper shows that, the food item contains fat.
2.2 What Do Various Nutrients Do For Our Body?
Nutrients are:-
1. Carbohydrate and fats mainly provide energy to our body. Food containing fats and carbohydrates are also "called energy giving foods" .
Source of carbohydrate- Rice, Potato.
Source of fats- ghee, butter.
2. Protein:- protein are needed for the growth and repair of our body. Foods containing protein are often called "body building foods".
3. Vitamin:- vitamin protects our body against disease. It also help in keeping our eyes, bones, teeth and gums healthy.
There are different kinds of vitamin-vitamin A, vitamin B, Vitamin C, Vitamin D etc.
- vitamin A- It keeps our eyes and skin healthy. Sources of vitamin A is- carrot, milk, fish oil.
- Vitamin C- It healthy body to fight against many disease. Sources are- Amla, tomato, orange.
-Vitamin D- vitamin D helps our body to use calcium for bones and teeth. Sources are:- milk, butter and sunlight.
4. Minerals- minerals are needed by our body in small amounts.which one is essential for proper growth of body and to maintain good health. Source of minerals are:- banana, whole wheat and apricots.
Besides these nutrients our body needs dietary fibres and water. Dietary fibres are also known as roughage.It helps our body get ride of undigested food. Sources are- fruits and vegetables.
2.3 Balance Diet
A balanced diet contains the proper proportion of all nutrients like carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals and water that are necessary to maintain good health.
2.4 Deficiency Diseases
Disease that occur due to lack of nutrients over a long period are called deficiency disease.
There are some diseases/ disorders caused by deficiency of vitamins and minerals.
vitamin/mineral disease/ disorder
Vitamin A - Loss of vision
Vitamin B1. - Beriberi
Vitamin C - scurvy
Vitamin D - Rickets
Calcium - Bone &tooth decay
Iodine. - Goiter
Iron. -. Anaemia
Exercise Question and Answer
1 . Name the major nutrients in our food.
Answer:- major nutrients in our food are carbohydrate, protein, fat, vitamins and minerals .
Q2. Name the following:-
(a) The nutrients which mainly give energy to our body
Answer- carbohydrate
(b) The nutrients that are needed for the growth and maintenance of our body.
Answer:- Protein
(c) A vitamin required for maintaining good eyesight.
Answer:- vitamin A
(d) A mineral that is required for keeping our bones healthy.
Answer:- calcium.
Q3. Name two foods rich inName :
(a) Fats
Answer:- butter , ghee
(b) starch
Answer:- Rice, potato
(c) Dietary fibre
Answer:- milk, egg
(d) Protein
Answer:- Pulses , Soyabean
4. Tick (✓) the statements with the correct.
(a) By eating rice alone,we can fulfill nutritional requirement for our body [×]
(b) Deficiency disease can be prevented by eating a balanced Diet. [✓]
(c) Balance diet for the body should contain a variety of food items.[✓]
(d) Meat alone can is sufficient to provide all nutrients to the body. [×]
5. Fill in the blanks.
(a) Ricket is caused by deficiency of Vitamin D.
(b) Deficiency of Vitamin B cause a disease known as beri-beri.
(c) Deficiency of Vitamin C cause a disease known as Scurvy.
(d) Night blindness is caused due to deficiency of Vitamin A in our food.
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