Class 6 NCERT science chapter 9
All organisms do not leave same surrounding. Some animals live in mountain region, some in planes, forest and desert these are called their habitat.
some plants and animals found in sea water and use the air dissolved in water, same as animals and plants of the desert leave on the desert soil and breath air from the surroundings. They are varieties of animals who live in different surrounding or habitat. These have certain features that help them leave in the surrounding in which they are normall found.
The presence of specific features or certain habits, which enables a plant or an animal to live in its surroundings is called adaptation.
The surroundings where organisms live is called a habitat.
Habitats are two types -(i) terrestrial
(ii) aquatic
The plants and animals that live on the land are called terrestrial habitats.
The organisms that live in water are called their aquatic habitats.
Biotic components- all living things that we observe are biotic such as : plant, microorganisms, animal etc.
Abiotic components - all non living things that person in our surrounding is called abiotic component such as water, air, sunlight, rock etc.
A Journey Through Different Habitats
A. Terrestrial habitat
I) Deserts
ii) Mountain regions
iii) Grasslands
B. Aquatic habitats
i) Oceans
ii) Ponds and lakes
A. Terrestrial habitat
Desert
Desert mainly dry ,hot place where that don't not get much rain.
Animals- camels ,foxes ,antelopes ,snacks are some animals that live in desert.
Plants- desertplants lose very little water through transpiration. The leaves in desert plants are either absent, very small, or they are present in the shape of spines. This helps in reducing the loss of water from the leaves through transpiration. Photosynthesis also cried out by the stems. The stem is also covered with a thick waxy layer which helps to retain water. Most desert plants have roots that go very deep into the soil for absorbing water.
Mountain regions
This habitats are normally very cold and windy. In, some areas, snowfall may take place in winters.
Trees, that found in mountain regions are normally cone shaped and have sloping branches. The leaves of some of these trees are needle like. This helps the rainwater and snow to slide off easily.
Animals living in the mountain regions are also adapted to the condition. They have thick skin on fur to protect them from cold.e g - Yaks, snow leopard.
Grasslands
Grasslands are open places ,where mostly grasses and flowers grow. Grassland support a variety of species of animals and vegetation. Such as foxes, birds, elephants, lions dear etc .
Some aquatic habitats
Oceans
Fishes are live in the sea or ocean. They adapted to live there, have streamlined bodies to help them more easily in water. Some animals like squids and octopus, which do not have streamlined shape they stay deeper in the ocean. These animals have gills to help them use oxygen dissolved in water.
There are some animals like dolphins and whales that do not have gills, they breathe in through nostrils or blowholes.
Ponds and lakes
Some aquatic plants float on water,some have their roots fixed in the soil at the bottom. Some aquatic plants are completely submerged in water. In aquatic plants, roots are much reduced in size and their name function is to hold the plant in place.
Some characteristics of living things
I. All living things need food - Food gives organisms energy needed for them to grow. Organisms also need this energy for other life processes that go on inside them.
2. All living things show growth
Let understand it by using a example - does the kurta you had 4 years back, still feat you? Answer is No, it means kurta that is a non living thing, does not grow with time but you grow. Not only humans other organisms too show growth.
3. All living things respire
When we inhale oxygen from outside to inside of the body and breadth out carbon dioxide from inside to outside of the body called respiration.
The process of breathing in animals like cows, buffaloes, dogs or cats is similar to humans.
Respiration is necessary for all living organisms. It is through respiration that the body finally obtain energy from the food it takes.
Plants respire through its tiny pores thatpresent on their leaves called stomata.
4. All living things respond to stimuli.
changes in our surroundings that makes us respond to them are called stimuli.
Example- when you suddenly move from a dark place into bright sunlight, in this situation our eyes shut themselves automatically for a moment until they adjust to the changed bright surroundings.
5. Living organisms do excretion
Excretion is the process by which living organisms excrete their waste to the outside of the body.
6. All living things reproduce their own kind.
Some animals give birth to their young ones. Some animals produce their young ones through eggs. Plants reproduce through seeds, cutting of stems etc .
7. All living things move.
All living things move from one place to another place. Plant is also a living thing but do not move. Some non -living things such as bus, car,a piece of paper, cloud they all are move.
The Living Oraganisms and Their Surrounding
Class 6 ncert science notes.
All organisms do not leave same surrounding. Some animals live in mountain region, some in planes, forest and desert these are called their habitat.
some plants and animals found in sea water and use the air dissolved in water, same as animals and plants of the desert leave on the desert soil and breath air from the surroundings. They are varieties of animals who live in different surrounding or habitat. These have certain features that help them leave in the surrounding in which they are normall found.
The presence of specific features or certain habits, which enables a plant or an animal to live in its surroundings is called adaptation.
The surroundings where organisms live is called a habitat.
Habitats are two types -(i) terrestrial
(ii) aquatic
The plants and animals that live on the land are called terrestrial habitats.
The organisms that live in water are called their aquatic habitats.
All habitats made of biotic and abiotic components.
Biotic components- all living things that we observe are biotic such as : plant, microorganisms, animal etc.
Abiotic components - all non living things that person in our surrounding is called abiotic component such as water, air, sunlight, rock etc.
A Journey Through Different Habitats
A. Terrestrial habitat
I) Deserts
ii) Mountain regions
iii) Grasslands
B. Aquatic habitats
i) Oceans
ii) Ponds and lakes
A. Terrestrial habitat
Desert
Desert mainly dry ,hot place where that don't not get much rain.
Animals- camels ,foxes ,antelopes ,snacks are some animals that live in desert.
Plants- desertplants lose very little water through transpiration. The leaves in desert plants are either absent, very small, or they are present in the shape of spines. This helps in reducing the loss of water from the leaves through transpiration. Photosynthesis also cried out by the stems. The stem is also covered with a thick waxy layer which helps to retain water. Most desert plants have roots that go very deep into the soil for absorbing water.
Mountain regions
This habitats are normally very cold and windy. In, some areas, snowfall may take place in winters.
Trees, that found in mountain regions are normally cone shaped and have sloping branches. The leaves of some of these trees are needle like. This helps the rainwater and snow to slide off easily.
Animals living in the mountain regions are also adapted to the condition. They have thick skin on fur to protect them from cold.e g - Yaks, snow leopard.
Grasslands
Grasslands are open places ,where mostly grasses and flowers grow. Grassland support a variety of species of animals and vegetation. Such as foxes, birds, elephants, lions dear etc .
Some aquatic habitats
Oceans
Fishes are live in the sea or ocean. They adapted to live there, have streamlined bodies to help them more easily in water. Some animals like squids and octopus, which do not have streamlined shape they stay deeper in the ocean. These animals have gills to help them use oxygen dissolved in water.
There are some animals like dolphins and whales that do not have gills, they breathe in through nostrils or blowholes.
Ponds and lakes
Some aquatic plants float on water,some have their roots fixed in the soil at the bottom. Some aquatic plants are completely submerged in water. In aquatic plants, roots are much reduced in size and their name function is to hold the plant in place.
Some characteristics of living things
I. All living things need food - Food gives organisms energy needed for them to grow. Organisms also need this energy for other life processes that go on inside them.
2. All living things show growth
Let understand it by using a example - does the kurta you had 4 years back, still feat you? Answer is No, it means kurta that is a non living thing, does not grow with time but you grow. Not only humans other organisms too show growth.
3. All living things respire
When we inhale oxygen from outside to inside of the body and breadth out carbon dioxide from inside to outside of the body called respiration.
The process of breathing in animals like cows, buffaloes, dogs or cats is similar to humans.
Respiration is necessary for all living organisms. It is through respiration that the body finally obtain energy from the food it takes.
Plants respire through its tiny pores thatpresent on their leaves called stomata.
4. All living things respond to stimuli.
changes in our surroundings that makes us respond to them are called stimuli.
Example- when you suddenly move from a dark place into bright sunlight, in this situation our eyes shut themselves automatically for a moment until they adjust to the changed bright surroundings.
5. Living organisms do excretion
Excretion is the process by which living organisms excrete their waste to the outside of the body.
6. All living things reproduce their own kind.
Some animals give birth to their young ones. Some animals produce their young ones through eggs. Plants reproduce through seeds, cutting of stems etc .
7. All living things move.
All living things move from one place to another place. Plant is also a living thing but do not move. Some non -living things such as bus, car,a piece of paper, cloud they all are move.
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